Row erupts after Indian state removes eggs from school lunch menu
By BBC, July 4, 2026Eggs or no eggs?
This question has dominated Indian social media and headlines after the eastern state of West Bengal announced last week that eggs would be replaced with vegetarian alternatives in some government school lunches as part of a pilot project.
The scheme, better known as the mid-day meal programme, provides free cooked lunches to children in government and government-aided schools.
For millions of underprivileged children, it is the most nutritious – and sometimes the only – meal they eat all day. The scheme has long been credited with improving nutrition, reducing hunger and encouraging children to stay in school.
The row erupted after West Bengal’s recently elected Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government said meal preparation for schools run by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation would be handed to International Society for Krishna Consciousness (Iskcon), the Hindu group best known as the Hare Krishna movement.
Meals will be prepared by Iskcon’s Annamrita Foundation, which serves only vegetarian food, replacing eggs with other sources of protein, an Iskcon official said last week.
The project has not yet begun, and it is unclear whether it will be expanded to other schools. In response to the BBC, Iskcon said discussions were still under way, and nothing had been finalised.
Debate across India
But it has already reignited a familiar debate across India: what belongs on a school lunch plate?
Nutrition campaigners say eggs are among the cheapest and most effective sources of protein for growing children, especially those from poorer households. Attempts by several state governments – many led by the BJP – to replace or limit eggs in school meals have repeatedly sparked controversy.
Critics say governments are letting religious or ideological beliefs dictate nutrition policy by removing eggs. Supporters argue that carefully planned vegetarian meals can provide the same nutrients.
The opposition All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), which ruled West Bengal until May, has accused the newly elected BJP government of trying to “impose vegetarianism” on schoolchildren.
Others say substitutes such as soybeans or kidney beans, suggested by an Iskcon official, are not widely eaten in the state and may not be readily accepted by students.
Some politicians and activists have proposed a middle path: let students choose between eggs and a vegetarian alternative.
Eggs have long been considered one of the cheapest and most efficient sources of high-quality protein. They usually cost around eight rupees ($0.08; £0.06) each and have been part of Bengal’s food culture for generations.
Defending the decision, Chief Minister Suvendu Adhikari said the project was aimed at providing students with “good and pure food”.
“You don’t have to say Hare Krishna (the movement’s devotional chant). No one will force you,” he said, rejecting criticism that the move was driven by the BJP’s Hindu nationalist ideology.
Iskcon says the criticism is misplaced. Through the Akshaya Patra Foundation, which it founded, it provides school meals to about one million students across 16 states, including Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and parts of Delhi.
Radharaman Das, Iskcon’s Kolkata vice-president until last week, told local media that the organisation takes special care to ensure its meals are nutritious and hygienic.
Vegetarian menu
He said the vegetarian menu would provide enough protein and vitamins to match the nutritional value of eggs.
Das has since been removed from his organisational posts, although Iskcon has not publicly explained the decision. The row has also renewed focus on India’s school meal scheme.
Launched nationwide in 1995, and rooted in a school feeding programme begun in Madras (now Chennai) in 1925, it has grown into one of the world’s largest, serving more than 110 million children.
The federal government sets calorie and protein targets, but states decide how to meet them. As a result, there is no single national menu, and meals vary across the country.
In Bihar, children are typically served rice with pulses or chickpeas, plus an egg once a week. In Tamil Nadu, school lunches often include rice, sambar (lentil-vegetable stew), vegetables and eggs.
Other states serve only vegetarian meals. In Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, menus usually feature rice- or wheat-based dishes with pulses and vegetables, sometimes accompanied by milk, paneer (cottage cheese) or fruit.
How meals are prepared also varies.
In many government schools, they are cooked on site by dedicated staff. Elsewhere, state governments contract non-profit organisations to prepare and distribute meals that meet prescribed nutritional standards and state menus.
For nearly a decade, students in Kolkata’s government schools have been served an egg on some days of the week, alongside rice, pulses and vegetables. Now, that could change.