What to do first after a road accident -Simple first aid steps that could save a life
By Katemarthason Okudo, June 10, 2026With road accidents continuing to claim lives and leave many injured across Kenya, knowing a few basic first aid steps can make a significant difference before professional medical help arrives. While first aid is not a substitute for hospital treatment, it can help prevent injuries from worsening and, in some cases, save a life.
Stay calm and make the scene safe
The first thing to do after a crash is to remain calm and assess the situation. Before helping yourself or anyone else, check that the scene is safe. Look out for oncoming traffic, leaking fuel, broken glass or any other danger that could cause further harm. If it is safe to do so, switch on hazard lights and alert other motorists to the accident. According to road safety and first aid guidance, protecting yourself and others from further danger should always come first.
Call for emergency help immediately
Once the area is safe, call emergency services or ask someone nearby to do so. Provide clear information about the location, the number of people involved and the visible injuries. Early communication helps emergency responders arrive better prepared.
If you are helping another person, check whether they are responsive. Speak to them and gently ask if they can hear you. If they are unconscious or not breathing normally, urgent medical assistance is required immediately.
Do not move an injured person unnecessarily
One of the most common mistakes after a road accident is moving an injured person too quickly. Unless there is an immediate danger, such as fire or another collision, avoid moving them. Car crashes can cause head, neck and spinal injuries, and unnecessary movement may worsen the damage. Encourage the person to remain still while waiting for medical professionals.
Control any visible bleeding
If someone is bleeding heavily, use a clean cloth, bandage or any available clean material to apply firm pressure to the wound. Continue applying pressure until help arrives or the bleeding slows down. Severe bleeding can quickly become life-threatening, making this one of the most important first aid measures.
For minor cuts and scrapes, gently cover the wound to protect it from dirt and infection. However, major injuries should be left for trained medical personnel whenever possible.
Watch for signs of shock
After a serious crash, a person may go into shock. Signs include pale skin, rapid breathing, confusion, excessive thirst and weakness. If the person is conscious and there is no suspected spinal injury, help them lie down and keep them warm while waiting for medical assistance. Reassure them and continue talking to keep them alert.
Continue monitoring until help arrives
Keep checking the injured person’s breathing and responsiveness. If their condition changes, be ready to relay that information to emergency responders. Avoid giving food, drinks or medication, especially if internal injuries are suspected. Continue offering reassurance and keep bystanders from crowding the injured person.
Road accidents can happen without warning, but basic first aid knowledge can help bridge the critical moments between a crash and the arrival of professional medical help. Knowing what to do and what not to do can make all the difference when every second counts.